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    ERC-4337: Driving Web3 Adoption for Wallet, NFTs, Decentralized Social and Beyond

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    The first wave of NFTs in the summer of 2021 (commonly known as “NFT summer”) can be classified as rigid in function, expensive (both in price tag and due to their skyrocketing gas fees), confusing to obtain, weak in security, and limited in their blockchain of origin — which for the majority of mints were Ethereum.

    After witnessing billions in sales, viral on-chain communities, congested networks, costly transactions, lost assets, and limited use cases, a shift is evident. This change is not confined to one blockchain like Ethereum or its traditional token standard (ERC-721). In the past year, diverse blockchains and new token standards have emerged, supporting the upcoming wave of blockchain-powered applications. Dynamic utility, reduced costs, and inventive possibilities for security, accessibility, and adoption signal a shift towards sustainability over hype. From BNB Chain to Solana and Polygon, from SBTs (soulbound tokens) to Ethereum’s latest upgrade, ERC-4337, the future of NFTs and wallets shows increasing innovation for developers, users, and the broader web3 landscape.

    ERC-4337: An Essential Overview and its Significance

    ERC-4337, or “Ethereum Request for Comment 4337,” introduces a smart contract standard for account abstraction. Contrary to public relations, it focuses on enabling individual Ethereum wallets to function as customizable smart contracts. This innovative concept facilitates user and developer-centric innovations by simplifying complexities in crypto wallets, such as network switching, cryptographic signatures, and private key management.

    Account abstraction empowers users with innovative features, addressing challenges in web3 that hinder widespread adoption of decentralized applications. Exploring these features provides insight into the value they bring to the ecosystem.

    Social Recovery: Consider this as a form of dual authentication (2FA) that has become widely adopted as a security norm in various social media, email, and traditional web applications. In this scenario, in the event of losing your private keys, which provide entry to a web3 wallet such as Metamask, you can regain access to your assets through 2FA linked to your mobile device, email, or even biometric data, eliminating the necessity for seed phrases.
    Signature Abstraction: Imagine this akin to a mobile banking application. You have the ability to establish automated constraints on daily transfers, trades, or budgets tailored to specific transaction categories. By providing users with customizable options to delineate authorization schemes for their wallets, we unlock a myriad of possibilities. For instance, users can establish rules to decline transfers exceeding $500 USDC or mandate multi-party signatures for transactions surpassing $50 USDC.
    Session Keys: Think of it as the ‘Remember Me’ feature when logging into your preferred web2 social application. Through the implementation of account abstraction, we can facilitate session keys that recall your wallet, eliminating the necessity to sign every minor action on a web3 decentralized application (dApp).
    Batch Transactions: Through the consolidation of transactions, users can conduct trades in a more streamlined and cost-effective manner. If you’ve ever engaged in token swaps on Uniswap, you’re familiar with the need to sign the transaction multiple times (at least twice) for approval and execution. With account abstraction, we have the capability to group these transactions, reducing gas consumption and significantly enhancing the user experience by making it less cumbersome and intimidating.
    Gas Delegation: This becomes paramount for the advancement of web3 decentralized applications (dApps), where blockchain congestion frequently results in substantial costs for users. This issue is particularly pronounced in the realm of NFTs, as demonstrated in 2022 when an anonymous Bored Ape buyer spent $45,000 in gas fees. By offloading the responsibility of gas fees to external entities or, alternatively, having an application cover the cost on behalf of its users, we can catalyze widespread adoption in web3 by empowering more individuals to participate. Users are disinclined to bear the burden of a gas fee with each dApp interaction. By transferring this cost to the underlying platform, we facilitate innovative business models that don’t hinge on users transacting as frequently as possible.
    Multi-Party Computation: Picture this as the equivalent of ‘Sign in with Google,’ but tailored for web3 wallets. Instead of granting another application the authority to log into an account on your behalf, this approach enables and mandates multiple key signers. Each signer possesses their private data to initiate an action, such as signing in with a private key, without divulging that specific action to the other involved parties.

    The prospective impact of ERC-4337 on the evolution of web3

    By providing developers and their applications with versatile, user-friendly, and user-friendly attributes, ERC-4337 demonstrates significant promise across various applications, extending beyond NFTs to encompass any facet of the web3 space reliant on tokenized assets and on-chain transactions (which constitutes a substantial portion).

    From enhanced accessibility to reduced transaction expenses, user-friendly security elements, and heightened speed, ERC-4337 has the potential to attract more users to burgeoning segments of the blockchain industry, such as decentralized social applications. In these platforms, where tokenized content and on-chain identity play a pivotal role, the need for increased accessibility for communities to participate, leverage wallets, and cultivate audiences becomes more pronounced. Similar to any technological advancement that simplifies human creation and connection, ERC-4337 exhibits substantial potential in catalyzing a new era of innovation and widespread adoption.

    Ryan Li serves as the Co-Founder of CyberConnect, the earliest and most extensive decentralized social network in web3, with a primary focus on constructing and expanding the next generation of decentralized social media platforms. A seasoned entrepreneur, Ryan has established several companies that have been acquired by leading entities in the decentralized technology space, including DLive, Lino Network, and SketchMe. Ryan consistently drives the adoption of platforms that afford users unrestricted access to content posting and monetization. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences from the University of California, Berkeley.

    CyberConnect stands as web3’s earliest and most comprehensive decentralized social network, empowering developers to craft social applications that empower users to assert ownership over their digital identity, content, connections, and monetization channels. The latest V3 upgrade introduces a series of potent enhancements to propel the CyberConnect social network into a new era of multi-chain possibilities for web3 social.

    V3 is meticulously designed to fuel the next phase of hyper scalability for web3 social decentralized applications (dApps) and deliver a social networking experience that mirrors the familiarity of web2. Its three foundational components include CyberAccount, an identity infrastructure compatible with ERC-4337; CyberGraph, a censorship-resistant database for documenting users’ content and social connections; and CyberNetwork, an efficient and scalable network aimed at globalizing CyberConnect.

    Established by a team of serial entrepreneurs based in Silicon Valley in 2021, CyberConnect has already attracted more than 50 projects leveraging its platform to integrate social features into real-world applications. These applications span various domains, including community-owned social networks, marketplaces, content curation, discovery tools, and more. As of July 2023, the CyberConnect protocol boasts 1.2 million user profiles, with 400k monthly active wallets facilitating over 15.2M transactions in total. Additionally, more than 2,400 verified organizations have created their CyberProfiles to cultivate web3 native audiences. CyberConnect’s primary social application, Link3, boasts an impressive 940,000 monthly active users.

    CyberConnect has garnered support from prominent investors such as Multicoin and Animoca Brands, along with other notable backers. Since its establishment, the platform has successfully secured over $25 million in funding.

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